Alcoholism, also known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), affects millions of people worldwide. Many wonder if it’s a condition passed down through family members or if it develops solely through lifestyle choices.
Studies show that genetics play a significant role in the development of alcohol addiction. However, it’s not just about your DNA. Environmental factors, like your social environment and life experiences, also matter.
Studies have shown that genetics can influence the development of alcohol use disorder. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has confirmed that there is a complex link between alcoholism and genetics. In fact, they stated that around 50% of a person’s risk for developing alcohol use disorder is genetic.
These studies show that people with certain genetic traits may have a higher risk factor for addiction. However, having these genes doesn’t guarantee that someone will become an alcoholic. Other factors, such as life experiences and environment, can also contribute.
Genes can affect how alcohol is processed in the body and how it influences the brain. Certain genetic variants make some people more sensitive to alcohol’s effects, while others may feel less of its effects and are more prone to excessive drinking.
You may have heard people mention the “alcoholic gene,” but the truth is more complex. There isn’t a single gene responsible for alcoholism. Instead, many genetic variants contribute to a person’s overall genetic predisposition for developing alcoholism.
Research findings from Indiana University’s School of Medicine indicate that multiple genes are involved in increasing a person’s risk of developing alcohol addiction. One well-known set of genes is the ADH1B and ALDH2 genes. These genes control how the body metabolizes alcohol.
While their findings show that genetic predisposition is a significant factor, environmental influences can also shape a person’s risk of developing alcohol use disorder. These factors include:
Several genetic factors have been linked to alcohol use disorder. Key points include:
Some people inherit enzymes that break down alcohol more slowly, leading to more negative effects from drinking. This makes alcohol less appealing, reducing the risk of alcoholism.
Certain genetic variants cause people to experience stronger pleasurable effects from alcohol. This increases the likelihood of developing alcohol use disorder, as these variants affect how the brain processes pleasure, reward, and decision-making.
People with a family history of alcohol addiction are more likely to inherit a genetic predisposition to excessive drinking. While these genetic factors increase the risk, they do not guarantee the development of alcoholism.
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is not genetic in the traditional sense, as it is caused directly by alcohol exposure during pregnancy. However, a mother’s genetic predisposition to alcohol use disorder can increase the likelihood of drinking during pregnancy, which may increase the chance of developing fetal alcohol syndrome.
FAS is a condition caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. It occurs when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy, leading to harmful effects on the developing baby. These effects can include physical abnormalities, cognitive impairments, and behavioral issues.
While fetal alcohol syndrome is no genetic risk, the mother’s alcohol use during pregnancy is the primary risk factor. Women with alcohol addiction may struggle to stop drinking during pregnancy, increasing the risk of FAS in their children. In these cases, genetic predisposition to alcoholism can play a role in the mother’s alcohol use, but the condition itself is not genetic.
If you or a loved one struggles with alcohol use disorder, it is essential to seek help. While genetic factors and environmental influences may contribute to the development of alcohol addiction, treatment is available to help individuals regain control of their lives.
Understanding the genetic and environmental factors of alcoholism can guide treatment options.
Medical treatments for alcohol use disorder may include medications that reduce cravings or help manage withdrawal symptoms. Behavioral therapies and support groups can also play a significant role.
Our Scottsdale detox and rehab centers commit to providing support and guidance for people facing challenges with alcohol abuse and other substance use disorders. Our addiction specialists are trained to create tailored and comprehensive treatment plans to address each patient’s specific needs.
Reach out for help and let us guide you to building a healthier and substance-free future.
